Centrifugal regulator for automatically controlling the action moment of apparatus of variable rotating speed



March 18, 1952 J HGVEL 2,589,496

CENTRIFUGAL REGULATOR FOR AUTOMATICALLY CONTROL G THE ACTION MOMENT OF APPARATUS OF VAR LE ROTATIN FEED Filed Dec. 20, l

JAIVQWUR Josgr H'o'vEL Patented Man l 1952 CENTRIFUGAL REGULATOR FOR AUTO- MATICALLY CONTROLLING THE ACTION LIOMENT OF APPARATUS OF VARIABLE ROTATING SPEED Josef Hiivel, Koln-Buick, Germany, assignor to 'Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz A. G., Koln a. Rhein,

Germany, a firm pplication December 20, 1950, Serial No.201g724 In Germany December 27, 1949 v The invention relates to centrifugal regulators forautomatically controlling the action moment ofapparatus of greatly variable rotating speeds, such as fuel injection pumps or ignition apparatus of internal combustion engines. More particularly, theinvention relates to regulators which have a centrifugal fly weight with slanting lateral faces engaged by corresponding slanted faces of two members mounted on the proximate ends of coaxially aligned shafts, the members and shafts being angularly shifted relative to each other by the centrifugal deflection of the fly weight.

It is an object of the invention to devise a regulating apparatus of the above mentioned kind which has an especially simple construction and for that reason also a highly reliable performance.

According to the invention, the fly weight in regulators of the kind mentioned surrounds one of the two aligned shaft and is loaded at the shaft side opposite to the weight gravity center by one or more springs which act on the weight in opposition to the centrifugal force.

The foregoing and more specific objects and features of the invention will be apparent from the embodiment exemplified on the drawing and described in the following. In the drawing, Fig. 1

is a radial cross section through the regulating apparatus, the section plane being indicated in Fig. 2 at II; and Fig. 2 is an axial cross section along the plane denoted in Fig. 1 by IIII.

The illustrated apparatus serves for automatically adjusting or regulating the ignition moment in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine operating at a greatly variable speed of rotation. The apparatus, when applied, is inserted into the drive transmission of a fuel injection pump equipped with a rotaryspeed regulator. The cam shaft I of the fuel injection pump, being also the shaft of the speed regulator, is driven from the crank shaft of the engine through a shaft 2. Shafts I and 2 are coaxially aligned and have their adjacent ends 3, and 4 closely spaced from each other. The illustrated regulating apparatus operates also as a clutch between the driving shaft 2 and the driven shaft I.

The apparatus has a flyweight 5 whose major portion is located at one side of the shaft axis so that the center of gravity is spaced from the shaft axis. Weight 5 has two faces a slanted toward each other, these two faces are engaged by respective counter faces of two members 6 and 1 mounted on shafts 2 and I respectively. Members 6 and I, together with the appertaining shafts, are twisted relative to each other when the fly weight is centrifugally deflected due to large vari- 8 Claims. (Cl. (id-25) ations in the rotary speed of the engine. As a result, the fuel injection pump is caused to operate at an earlier or later moment dependent upon the rotary speed of the engine. The slide faces a of the fly weight 5 form together an acute angle denoted by a. The proportions are such that the fly weight 5 is not displaced by the torque which it transmits but can yield only to the centrifugal and spring forces acting on the weight. To this end, as shown, the weight faces a lie in Planes substantially radial to the shaft axis so that the transmitted torque does not produce a radial force component.

The two members 6 and I are essentially designed as discs and have respective hubs 8 and 9 firmly secured on the ends of respective shafts 2 and I. The disc portion of member 1 serves "also as a holder for the speed regulator fly weights III which cooperate with an axially displaceable regulator sleeve II on shaft I in the manner known for speed regulators and not essential to the invention proper. The two disc portions of mem bers 6 and I are axially spaced from each other to provide an annular interstice for accommodating the fly weight 5. The fly weight 5 has a shape adapted to that of the annular interstice and, hence, has also a disc-like design. The weight 5 is guided for radial deflection between the disc surfaces of members 6 and I. The fly weight 5 has-the particularity that it surrounds oneof the shafts and is subjected to spring loading on the side of the shaft opposite to' the location of the main mass, 1. e. opposite to the center of gravity of the weight. The spring loading is eifected by means of a helical compression spring I2, although it will be understood that several springs or spring means of a different design may instead be provided.

The spring I 2 is located in a recess I3 of the fly weight. The recess I3 is open at both axial sides, and the spring is secured against lateral dislocation-by the adjacent disc surfaces of members 6 and I. In the illustrated embodiment, the hub 8 of member 6 has sleeve shaped projection I4 which forms an extension of the shaft 2 and is centered upon the hub 9 of the disc member 1. The fly weight 5 surrounds the projection I4 with an elongated opening I9 which permits a radial displacement of weight 5 from the illustrated. position only in the direction of the centrifugal force. The spring I2 abuts against the projection I4 through an adapter piece 20.

Weight 5 has two recesses I5, each having parallel walls of which one forms the above mentioned slide face a. The two members 6 and 1 have respective slide blocks l6 which engage the recesses respectively and form the counter faces that slide on the weight faces a. The slide blocks l6 are revolvable on pins. Each pin is comreadily for automatically controlling the action moment of ignition apparatus for internal coinbustion engines and is also advantageous for all other purposes where it is essential to twist two mechanically coupled shafts relative to each other during their power transmitting performance so that apparatus driven through these coupled shafts are operated at an earlier or later moment depending upon the speed of rotation.

It will be recognized that apparatuses accord-' ing to the invention have anextremely simple design. For that reason such apparatus secure a performance of highest reliability.

I claim: 7 r

1. Centrifugal device for controlling the action moment of apparatus of variable rotary speed such as fuel injection pumps and ignition appa- .ratus of internal combustion engines, comprising two coaxial aligned shafts having proximate respective ends, a fly weight surrounding one of said shafts and having a gravity center eccentric to the shaft-axis, said weight having two lateral faces slanted toward each other, two members rigidly joined-withsaid respective shafts and having respective counter faces engaging said two weight faces respectively for angularly shifting said shafts relative to each other due to centrifugal deflection of said weight, and spring means disposed between said weight and said one shaft at the shaft side opposite said gravity center and having relative to said Weight a loading force opposed to the centrifugal force.

2. Centrifugal device for controlling the action moment of apparatus of variable rotary speed such as fuel injection pumps and ignition apparatus of internal combustion engines, comprising two coaxial aligned shafts having proximate respective ends, a fly weight surrounding one of said shafts and having a gravity center eccentric to the shaft axis, said weight having two faces extending substantially in respective planes radial to the shaft axis and intersecting each other at an acute angle, two members rigidly joined with said respective shafts and having respective counter faces engaging said two weight faces respectively for angularly shifting said shafts relative to each other due to centrifugal deflection of said weight, and compression spring means disposed between said one shaft and said weight at the shaft side opposite said gravity center for loading said weight in opposition to centrifugal force.

3. Centrifugal device for controlling the action moment ofapparatus of variable rotary speed such as fuel injection pumps and ignition apparatus of internalcombustion engines, comprising two coaxial aligned shafts having proximate respective ends, a. fly weight surrounding one of said shafts and havinga gravity center eccentric to the shaft axis, saidweight having two angularly displaced recesses each having two parallel wall faces mutually spaced in theperiph eral direction of the weight, two coupling members rigidly joined with said respective shaft ends and having two revolvably pivoted slide blocks respectively in slidable engagement with said respective recesses for relatively twisting said shafts due to centrifugal deflection of said weight, and spring means disposed between said weight and said one shaft at the shaft side opposite said gravity center and having relative to said weight a loading force opposed to the centrifugal force.

4. In a device according to claim 3, said two coupling members having mutually parallel disc,

faces axially spaced from each other, and said weight having a fiat shape and being disposed,

between said two disc faces and guidingly engaged by said disc faces. I

5. In a device according to claim 4, said weight having an opening eccentrically located at said shaft side and open toward both axial sides of said weight, and said spring means being disposed in said opening and confined therein by said two disc faces.

6. In a device according to claim 5, said weight having an oblong center bore traversed by said one shaft, said bore having its longitudinal extent in the direction of the centrifugal weight force and having a width corresponding to the outer diameter of said one shaft where it traverses the bore so as to permit only a radial defiection of said weight in the centrifugal force direction. 7

'7. In a device according to claim 6, said spring means' consisting essentially of a helical com:- pression spring and a spring seat member, said seat member having an arcuate surface adapted to the periphery of said one shaft and engaging said periphery, and said spring abutting against said seat member and against a radially opposite wall portion of said weight opening.

8. In a device according to claim 3, said two recesses being located at an acute angle to each other and having their respective inner wall faces extend in substantially radial planes relative to the shaft axis whereby said weight is capable of transmitting torque between said shafts with out radial deflection of said weight. JOSEF I-I OVEL.

No references cited. 

